"Cobertura" is the Spanish and Portuguese word for "coverage." We were trying to avoid acronyms and coffee references. It's not too hard to associate the word "cobertura" with the word "coverage," and it even has a bit of a zesty kick to it!
Okay, again, why would I want this as I have already junit running?
Cobertura is a free Java tool that calculates the percentage of code accessed by tests. It can be used to identify which parts of your Java program are lacking test coverage. It is based on jcoverage.
So cobertura is a auxiliary to the exiting test by showing how much of your test currently cover in your main codebase. So a requirement is such that, you need to have tests written before you use cobertura.
Okay, enough for the theory, let's dip toe into water. First, download the library, you can download from this link. Next, unzip this file and change into this library directory. There is a nice ready example for you to play with.
$ ls
cobertura-2.1.1.jar cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar cobertura-check.sh cobertura-instrument.bat cobertura-merge.bat cobertura-report.bat examples LICENSE.txt
cobertura-2.1.1-javadoc.jar cobertura-check.bat coberturaFlush.war cobertura-instrument.sh cobertura-merge.sh cobertura-report.sh lib README.markdown
change into this directory and run the command such as below. Yes, you will need ant installed and java.
$ ant -p
Buildfile: /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/build.xml
Cobertura - http://cobertura.sourceforge.net/
Copyright (C) 2003 jcoverage ltd.
Copyright (C) 2005 Mark Doliner <thekingant@users.sourceforge.net>
Copyright (C) 2006 Dan Godfrey
Cobertura is licensed under the GNU General Public License
Cobertura comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY
Main targets:
clean Remove all files created by the build/test process.
coverage Compile, instrument ourself, run the tests and generate JUnit and coverage reports.
Default target: coverage
So that's pretty clear, we have two targets, the clean and coverage. The coverage will generate all necessary files for you. See below.
$ ant coverage
Buildfile: /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/build.xml
init:
[mkdir] Created dir: /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/classes
[mkdir] Created dir: /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/instrumented
[mkdir] Created dir: /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/reports/junit-xml
[mkdir] Created dir: /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/reports/junit-html
[mkdir] Created dir: /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/reports/cobertura-xml
[mkdir] Created dir: /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/reports/cobertura-summary-xml
[mkdir] Created dir: /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/reports/cobertura-html
compile:
[javac] /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/build.xml:36: warning: 'includeantruntime' was not set, defaulting to build.sysclasspath=last; set to false for repeatable builds
[javac] Compiling 2 source files to /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/classes
[javac] Note: /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/src/com/example/simple/SimpleTest.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
[javac] Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.
instrument:
[delete] Deleting directory /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/instrumented
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,566 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback.groovy]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,566 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback-test.xml]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,566 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Found resource [logback.xml] at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,567 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs multiple times on the classpath.
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,567 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,567 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,601 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.spi.ConfigurationWatchList@4fce7ceb - URL [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml] is not of type file
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,699 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - debug attribute not set
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,704 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - About to instantiate appender of type [ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,716 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - Naming appender as [STDOUT]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,813 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.NestedComplexPropertyIA - Assuming default type [ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder] for [encoder] property
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,897 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.LoggerAction - Setting level of logger [net.sourceforge.cobertura] to INFO
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,897 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.RootLoggerAction - Setting level of ROOT logger to DEBUG
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,897 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderRefAction - Attaching appender named [STDOUT] to Logger[ROOT]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,898 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - End of configuration.
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:08,899 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.JoranConfigurator@7d6b513b - Registering current configuration as safe fallback point
[cobertura-instrument]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,216 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback.groovy]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,217 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback-test.xml]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,217 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Found resource [logback.xml] at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,218 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs multiple times on the classpath.
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,218 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,218 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,243 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.spi.ConfigurationWatchList@45a5049a - URL [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml] is not of type file
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,310 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - debug attribute not set
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,315 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - About to instantiate appender of type [ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,325 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - Naming appender as [STDOUT]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,354 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.NestedComplexPropertyIA - Assuming default type [ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder] for [encoder] property
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,402 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.LoggerAction - Setting level of logger [net.sourceforge.cobertura] to INFO
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,402 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.RootLoggerAction - Setting level of ROOT logger to DEBUG
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,402 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderRefAction - Attaching appender named [STDOUT] to Logger[ROOT]
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,403 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - End of configuration.
[cobertura-instrument] 21:55:09,405 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.JoranConfigurator@54d13e2e - Registering current configuration as safe fallback point
[cobertura-instrument]
[cobertura-instrument] Cobertura 2.1.1 - GNU GPL License (NO WARRANTY) - See COPYRIGHT file
[cobertura-instrument] [INFO] Cobertura: Saved information on 1 classes.
[cobertura-instrument] [INFO] Cobertura: Saved information on 1 classes.
test:
[junit] [INFO] Cobertura: Loaded information on 1 classes.
[junit] [INFO] Cobertura: Saved information on 1 classes.
[junitreport] Processing /home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/examples/basic/reports/junit-xml/TESTS-TestSuites.xml to /tmp/null1467716178
[junitreport] Loading stylesheet jar:file:/usr/share/ant/lib/ant-junit.jar!/org/apache/tools/ant/taskdefs/optional/junit/xsl/junit-frames.xsl
[junitreport] Transform time: 1272ms
[junitreport] Deleting: /tmp/null1467716178
coverage-report:
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,533 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback.groovy]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,533 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback-test.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,533 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Found resource [logback.xml] at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,535 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs multiple times on the classpath.
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,535 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,535 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,561 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.spi.ConfigurationWatchList@6e038230 - URL [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml] is not of type file
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,636 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - debug attribute not set
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,643 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - About to instantiate appender of type [ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,653 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - Naming appender as [STDOUT]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,684 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.NestedComplexPropertyIA - Assuming default type [ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder] for [encoder] property
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,748 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.LoggerAction - Setting level of logger [net.sourceforge.cobertura] to INFO
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,748 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.RootLoggerAction - Setting level of ROOT logger to DEBUG
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,748 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderRefAction - Attaching appender named [STDOUT] to Logger[ROOT]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,749 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - End of configuration.
[cobertura-report] 21:55:13,751 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.JoranConfigurator@285855bd - Registering current configuration as safe fallback point
[cobertura-report]
[cobertura-report] Cobertura 2.1.1 - GNU GPL License (NO WARRANTY) - See COPYRIGHT file
[cobertura-report] [INFO] Cobertura: Loaded information on 1 classes.
[cobertura-report] Report time: 159ms
summary-coverage-report:
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,128 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback.groovy]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,129 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback-test.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,129 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Found resource [logback.xml] at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,131 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs multiple times on the classpath.
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,131 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,131 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,161 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.spi.ConfigurationWatchList@52633079 - URL [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml] is not of type file
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,234 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - debug attribute not set
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,239 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - About to instantiate appender of type [ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,250 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - Naming appender as [STDOUT]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,281 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.NestedComplexPropertyIA - Assuming default type [ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder] for [encoder] property
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,334 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.LoggerAction - Setting level of logger [net.sourceforge.cobertura] to INFO
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,335 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.RootLoggerAction - Setting level of ROOT logger to DEBUG
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,335 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderRefAction - Attaching appender named [STDOUT] to Logger[ROOT]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,336 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - End of configuration.
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,338 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.JoranConfigurator@6e038230 - Registering current configuration as safe fallback point
[cobertura-report]
[cobertura-report] Cobertura 2.1.1 - GNU GPL License (NO WARRANTY) - See COPYRIGHT file
[cobertura-report] [INFO] Cobertura: Loaded information on 1 classes.
[cobertura-report] Report time: 124ms
alternate-coverage-report:
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,694 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback.groovy]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,694 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Could NOT find resource [logback-test.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,694 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Found resource [logback.xml] at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,695 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs multiple times on the classpath.
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,695 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,695 |-WARN in ch.qos.logback.classic.LoggerContext[default] - Resource [logback.xml] occurs at [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1.jar!/logback.xml]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,727 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.spi.ConfigurationWatchList@5abce07 - URL [jar:file:/home/user/Desktop/cobertura-2.1.1/cobertura-2.1.1-sources.jar!/logback.xml] is not of type file
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,814 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - debug attribute not set
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,821 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - About to instantiate appender of type [ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,832 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderAction - Naming appender as [STDOUT]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,874 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.NestedComplexPropertyIA - Assuming default type [ch.qos.logback.classic.encoder.PatternLayoutEncoder] for [encoder] property
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,934 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.LoggerAction - Setting level of logger [net.sourceforge.cobertura] to INFO
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,934 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.RootLoggerAction - Setting level of ROOT logger to DEBUG
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,935 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.core.joran.action.AppenderRefAction - Attaching appender named [STDOUT] to Logger[ROOT]
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,935 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.action.ConfigurationAction - End of configuration.
[cobertura-report] 21:55:14,937 |-INFO in ch.qos.logback.classic.joran.JoranConfigurator@52633079 - Registering current configuration as safe fallback point
[cobertura-report]
[cobertura-report] Cobertura 2.1.1 - GNU GPL License (NO WARRANTY) - See COPYRIGHT file
[cobertura-report] [INFO] Cobertura: Loaded information on 1 classes.
[cobertura-report] Report time: 171ms
coverage:
BUILD SUCCESSFUL
Total time: 9 seconds
From the output, we see a target called instrument and then test was called. Then all the reports are generated. If you list the directory now, you should see a few additional files are added. cobertura.ser, reports, classes and instrumented. All the generated reports are in the reports directory. The one is relevant for this article cobertura and I will show you cobertura-html report.
That's it, if you want to go further integrating into this code coverage tool into your project, start to look into the example build.xml. Have fun.
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